Prince Edward Island

Prince-edward-island
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PEI Escorted Tour Holidays and Vacations
Escorted motor coach bus tours and self-drive vacation holidays in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Land only or land & air packages. See Anne of Green Gables with the company with the kilts.
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Charlottetown Prince Edward Island
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Prince Edward Island waterfront, residential and farm real estate.
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{{Infobox Province or territory of Canada|Name = Prince Edward Island|AlternateName = Île-du-Prince-Édouard|Fullname = Province of Prince Edward Island|EntityAdjective = Provincial|Flag = Flag of Prince Edward Island.svg|CoatOfArms = Coat of arms of Prince Edward Island.png|Map = Prince Edward Island-map.png|Label_map = no|Motto = Parva Sub Ingenti
(Latin: The Small Protected By The Great)]|Flower = Cypripedium acaule|Tree = Northern Red Oak|Bird = Blue Jay|LargestCity = [Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island|Premier = Robert Ghiz|Viceroy = [Barbara Oliver Hagerman|AreaRank = 13th|TotalArea_km2 = 5683.56|LandArea_km2 = 5683.91|WaterArea_km2 = 0|PercentWater = 0|PopulationRank = 10th|Population = 138,627 (est.)|PopulationYear = 2007|DensityRank = 1st|Density_km2 = 23.9|GDP_year = 2006|GDP_total = C$4.32 billion Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, by province and territory|GDP_rank = 10th|GDP_per_capita = C$31,278|GDP_per_capita_rank = 13th|AdmittanceOrder = 7th|AdmittanceDate = [July 1 1873-4|HouseSeats = 4|SenateSeats = 4|ISOCode = CA-PE|Website = www.gov.pe.ca-->Prince Edward Island ([IPA: /IPA chart for English/) (PEI or P.E.I.; French language: Île-du-Prince-Édouard; Scottish Gaelic: Eilean a’ Phrionns or Eilean Eòin; Míkmaq language: Apekweit or Epikwetk roughly translated "land cradled in the waves") is a Canada Provinces of Canada consisting of an island of the same name. The Maritimes is the smallest in the nation in both land area and population (excluding the territories).

Prince Edward Island has 135,851 residents collectively referred to as Islanders. It is located in a rectangle defined roughly by 46°–47° N, and 62°–64° 30′ W and at in size, it is the List of islands by area, and List of Canadian islands by area. The island's namesake is Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent (1767-1820), the father of Victoria of the United Kingdom.

History Prince Edward Island was originally inhabited by the Mi'kmaq people. They named the island Abegweit, meaning Land Cradled on the Waves. They believed that the island was formed by the Great Spirit placing some dark red clay which was shaped as a crescent on the Blue Waters.

As part of the French colony of Acadia, the island was called Île Saint-Jean. Roughly one thousand Acadians lived on the island. However, many fled to the island from mainland Nova Scotia during the British-ordered Great Upheaval of Acadians in 1755. Many more were forcibly deported in 1758 when British soldiers, under the command of Colonel Andrew Rollo, were ordered by General Jeffery Amherst to capture the island.

The new British colony of "St. John's Island", also known as the "Island of St. John", was settled by "adventurous Victorian families looking for elegance on the sea. Prince Edward Island became a fashionable retreat in the eighteenth century for British nobility". PEI history (Government of Canada).

In 1798, Great Britain changed the colony's name from St. John's Island to Prince Edward Island to distinguish it from similar names in the Atlantic, such as the cities of Saint John, New Brunswick and St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. The colony's new name honoured the fourth son of George III of the United Kingdom, Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent (1767–1820), who was then commanding British troops in City of Halifax. Prince Edward was also the father of Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Joining Canada In September 1864, Prince Edward Island hosted the Charlottetown Conference, which was the first meeting in the process leading to the Articles of Canadian Confederation and the creation of Canada in 1867. Prince Edward Island did not find the terms of union favourable and balked at joining in 1867, choosing to remain part of the nation of Great Britain and Ireland. In the late 1860s, the colony examined various options, including the possibility of becoming a discrete dominion unto itself, as well as entertaining delegations from the United States, who were interested in Prince Edward Island joining the United States of America.

In the early 1870s, the colony began construction of a Prince Edward Island Railway and frustrated by Great Britain's Colonial Office, began negotiations with the United States. In 1873, Prime Minister of Canada Sir John A. Macdonald, anxious to thwart American expansionism and facing the distraction of the Pacific Scandal, negotiated for Prince Edward Island to join Canada. The Federal Government of Canada assumed the colony's railway debts and agreed to finance a buy-out of the last of the colony's absentee landlords to free the island of leasehold tenure and from any new migrants entering the island. Prince Edward Island entered Confederation on July 1, 1873.

As a result of having hosted the inaugural meeting of Confederation, the Charlottetown Conference, Prince Edward Island presents itself as the "Birthplace of Confederation" with several buildings, a Northumberland Ferries Limited vessel, and the Confederation Bridge, the longest bridge over ice covered waters in the world, The Confederation Bridge (official website). using the term "confederation" in many ways. The most prominent building in the province with this name is the Confederation Centre of the Arts, presented as a gift to Prince Edward Islanders by the 10 provincial governments and the Federal Government upon the centenary of the Charlottetown Conference, where it stands in Charlottetown as a national monument to the "Fathers of Confederation."

Geography cliffs at North Cape, Prince Edward Island enshrouded in fog.Known as the Garden of the Gulf, the island is located in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence west of Cape Breton Island, north of the Nova Scotia peninsula, and east of New Brunswick. Its southern shore forms the Northumberland Strait. The island has two urban areas. The largest surrounds Charlottetown Harbour, situated centrally on the island's southern shore, and consists of the capital city Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, as well as suburban towns Cornwall, Prince Edward Island and Stratford, Prince Edward Island and a developing urban fringe. A much smaller urban area surrounds Summerside Harbour, situated on the southern shore west of Charlottetown Harbour, and consists primarily of the city of Summerside, Prince Edward Island. As with all natural harbours on the island, Charlottetown and Summerside harbours are created by rias.

along a trail in Prince Edward Island National Park in Greenwich, Prince Edward Island.The island's landscape is pastoral: rolling hills, pristine forests, reddish white sand beaches, ocean coves and the famous red soil have given Prince Edward Island a reputation as a province of outstanding natural beauty. The provincial government has enacted a number of laws that attempt to preserve the landscape through regulation, although the lack of consistent enforcement and absence of province-wide zoning and land-use planning has resulted in some aesthetically displeasing development in recent years.

The island's lush landscape has had a strong bearing not only on its economy but also its culture. Author Lucy Maud Montgomery, drew inspiration from the land during the late Victorian Era for the setting of her classic novel Anne of Green Gables. Today, many of the same qualities that Montgomery and others found in the Island are enjoyed by tourists who visit during all seasons. They enjoy a variety of leisure activities, including beaches, various golf courses, eco-tourism adventures, and simply touring the countryside and enjoying cultural events in local communities around the island.

The smaller rural communities as well as the towns and villages throughout the province proudly retain a slower-paced, old world flavour, something that factors heavily into Prince Edward Island's popularity as a destination for relaxation. The popular Canadian television show, Road to Avonlea, was filmed on Prince Edward Island and, according to creator David McHewen, no film sets were required. Most rural communities on Prince Edward Island are based on small-scale agriculture, given that the size of farm properties is quite small when compared with other areas in Canada. There is an increasing amount of industrial farming as older farm properties are consolidated and modernized.

The coastline of the island consists of a combination of long beaches, dunes, red sandstone cliffs, salt water marshes and numerous Headlands and bays and harbor. The beaches, dunes and sandstone cliffs consist of sedimentary rock and other material with a high iron concentration which oxidation upon exposure to the air. The geological properties of a white silica sand found at Basin Head, Prince Edward Island are unique in the province; the sand grains cause a scrubbing noise as they rub against each other when walked on, aptly named the singing sands. Large sand dune fields on the north shore can be found on barrier islands at the entrances to various bays and harbours. The magnificent sand dunes at Greenwich, Prince Edward Island are of particular significance. The shifting, parabolic dune system is home to a variety of birds and rare plants and is also a site of significant archeological interest.

Demographics While Prince Edward Island is the most densely populated province in Canada, there are 32 List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population with a larger population than Prince Edward Island. According to the 2001 Canadian census, the largest ethnic group in Prince Edward Island is Scottish people (38.0%), followed by English people (28.7%), Irish people (27.9%), French people (21.3%), German people (4.0%), and Dutch people (3.1%) - although almost half of all respondents also identified their ethnicity as "Canadian."

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"|+ Population of Prince Edward Island since 1851|- bgcolor="#cccccc"! Year !! Population !! Mean annual* !! 5-year* !! 10-year* !! Rank**|-|1851 || 62,678 || – || – || – ||rowspan="4" align="center"| 5|1861 || 80,857 || 2.6 || – || 29.0|1871 || 94,021 || 1.5 || – || 16.3|1881 || 108,891 || 1.5 || – || 15.8|1891 || 109,078 || 0.017 || – || 0.2 ||align="center"| 6|1901 || 103,259 || −0.55 || – || -5.3 ||align="center"| 7|1911 || 93,728 || −0.96 || – || -9.2 ||rowspan="4" align="center"| 9|1921 || 88,615 || −0.56 || – || -5.4|1931 || 88,038 || −0.065 || – || -0.7|1941 || 95,047 || 0.77 || – || 8.0|1951 || 98,429 || 0.35 || – || 3.6 ||rowspan="12" align="center"| 10|1956 || 99,285 || 0.17 || 0.9 || –|1961 || 104,629 || 1.1 || 5.4 || 6.3|1966 || 108,535 || 0.74 || 3.7 || 9.3|1971 || 111,635 || 0.56 || 2.9 || 6.7|1976 || 118,225 || 1.2 || 5.9 || 8.9|1981 || 122,506 || 0.7 || 3.6 || 9.7|1986 || 126,640 || 0.67 || 3.4 || 7.1|1991 || 129,765 || 0.49 || 2.5 || 5.9|1996 || 134,557 || 0.73 || 3.7 || 6.3|2001 || 135,294 || 0.11 || 0.5 || 4.2|2006 || 135,851 || NA || 0.4 || NA|}Source: Statistics Canada  PEI population trend (Statistics Canada). Population urban and rural, by province and territory (Statistics Canada, 2005).

Communities {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"|+ Ten largest municipalities by population|- bgcolor="#cccccc"! Municipality !! 2001 !! 1996|align="left"| Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island || 32,245a || 32,531|align="left"| Summerside, Prince Edward Island || 14,654b || 15,525|align="left"| Stratford, Prince Edward Island || 6,314 || 5,869|align="left"| Cornwall, Prince Edward Island || 4,412 || 4,291|align="left"| Lot 34, Prince Edward Island || 2,344 || 2,180|align="left"| Montague, Prince Edward Island || 1,945 || 1,995|align="left"| Lot 1, Prince Edward Islandc || 1,900 || 1,936|align="left"| Lot 65, Prince Edward Island || 1,829 || 1,595|align="left"| Lot 19, Prince Edward Island || 1,775 || 1,759|align="left"| Lot 2, Prince Edward Islandd || 1,720 || 1,766|-|colspan="3" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%;"| a Agglomerated population: 58,358.
b Agglomerated population: 16,200.c Tignish and surrounding area.d St. Louis/Elmsdale area.|}

Economy The provincial economy is dominated by the seasonal industries of agriculture, tourism, and the fishery. The province is limited in terms of heavy industry and manufacturing. Although commercial deposits of minerals have not been found, exploration for natural gas beneath the eastern end of the province has resulted in the discovery of an as yet undisclosed quantity of gas.

Agriculture remains the dominant industry in the provincial economy, as it has since colonial times. During the twentieth century, potatoes have replaced mixed farming as the leading cash crop, accounting for one-third of provincial farm income. The province currently accounts for a third of Canada's total potato production, producing approximately 1300 million Kilogram annually. PEI Potato, potato production figures. Comparatively, the state of Idaho produces approximately 6200 million Kilogram annually, with a population approximately 9.5 times greater than PEI. Idaho Potator Production PEI is a major producer of seed potatoes, exporting to more than twenty countries around the world.

Many of the province's coastal communities rely upon shellfish harvesting, particularly lobster fishing Lobster Fishing (PEIonline). as well as oyster fishing and mussel farming.

helped link PEI to New Brunswick.Prince Edward Island's transportation network has traditionally revolved around its seaports – Charlottetown, Summerside, Borden, Georgetown, and Souris – all linked to its railway system, and airports (Charlottetown and Summerside) for communication with mainland North America. The railway system was abandoned by Canadian National in 1989 in favour of an agreement with the federal government to improve major highways. Until 1997, the province was linked by two passenger-vehicle ferry services to the mainland: one, provided by Marine Atlantic, operated year-round between Borden-Carleton, Prince Edward Island and Cape Tormentine, New Brunswick; the other, provided by Northumberland Ferries Limited, operates seasonally between Wood Islands, Prince Edward Island and Caribou, Nova Scotia. A third ferry service provided by Coopérative de transport maritime et aérien operates seasonally between Souris, Prince Edward Island and Cap-aux-Meules, Quebec and connects with Quebec's Magdalen Islands.

On June 1, 1997, the Confederation Bridge opened, connecting Borden-Carleton to Cape Jourimain, New Brunswick and replacing the Marine Atlantic ferry service. Since then, the Confederation Bridge's assured transportation link to the mainland has altered the province's tourism and agricultural and fisheries export economies.

Education Prince Edward Island is home to one provincial university, the University of Prince Edward Island (UPEI), located in Charlottetown. The university was formed from the merger of Prince of Wales College and St. Dunstan's University. UPEI is home to the Atlantic Veterinary College, which offers the region's only veterinary medicine program.

Holland College is the provincial community college, with campuses across the province, including specialized facilities such as the Atlantic Police Academy, Marine Training Centre, and the Culinary Institute of Canada.

The College of Piping and Celtic Performing Arts of Canada, located in Summerside, Prince Edward Island, specializes in the instruction of bagpipe and other traditional Scotland and Ireland performance art such as Scottish highland dance.

Sport

Miscellany

Gallery Image:Newglasgowpano2.jpg|Panorama of the banks of the Hunter River in New Glasgow, Prince Edward IslandImage:prince edward island sandstone arch.jpg|Sandstone archImage:prince edward island zz.jpg

See also

Footnotes

References

External links









 
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